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RESEARCH LIBRARY:

REFERENCE LIST

References have been grouped into the topic categories below. Please click on the topic heading to view some of the related research associated with tongue-tie, the link will take you directly to that section.

 Research is continuously being conducted and so this page will continue to be updated.

 If you have any research references you are able to share relating to a tongue-tie restriction, please share to website@tongue-tie.org.uk for upload to this page, Thank you.

EFFICACY OF FRENULOTOMY


Amir L, James J & Beatty J (2005) "Review of tongue-tie release at a tertiary maternity hospital" Journal of paediatric Child Health 2005;41; Pg.243-245.


Ballard J, Auer C & Khoury J (2002) "Ankyloglossia: Assessment, incidence and effect of the frenuloplasty on the breastfeeding dyad" Paediatrics 110(5) Pg.1-6.


Baxter R, Merkel-Walsh R, Baxter BS, Lashley A & Rendell NR (2020) " Functional improvements in speech, feeding and sleep following a tongue-tie and lip tie release: A prospective cohort study" Clinical Pediatrics 59(9-10) Pg.885-892.


Berg KL (1990) “Tongue tie (Ankyloglossia) and breastfeeding: A review” Journal of Human Lactation 6(3) Pg.109-112.


Bundogji N, Zamora S, Brigger M & Jiang W (2020) "Modest benefit of frenotomy for infants with ankyloglossia and breastfeeding difficulties" International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 133: 109985.


Bruney TL, Scime NV, Madubueze A & Chaput KH (2022) "Systematic review of the evidence for resolution of common breastfeeding problems-Ankyloglossia (Tongue Tie)" Acta Paediatr, 111(5) Pg.940-947.


Braccio S, Chadderton Z, Sheridan A, Upadhyaya M (2016) "Tongue-tie division: Is it worth it? A retrospective cohort study" British Journal of Midwifery  Vol25(5) ISSN 0969-4900.


Burrows S & Lanlehin R (2015) "Is frenotomy effective in improving breastfeeding in newborn babies with tongue-tie? A literature review" British Journal of Midwifery Vol 23 (11) ISSN 0969-4900.


Buryk M, Bloom D & Shope T (2011) "Efficacy of Neonatal Release of Ankyloglossia: A Randomized Trial" Pediatrics peds.2011-0077; doi:10.1542/peds.2011-0077.


Caloway C, Hersh CJ, Baars R, Sally S, Diercks G & Hartnick CJ (2019) "Association of feeding evaluation with frenotomy rates in infants with breastfeeding difficulties." JAMA Otolaryngology-Head and Neck 145(9) Pg.817-822.


Campanha SMA, de Castro Martinelli RL & Palhares DB (2018) "Association between ankyloglossia and breastfeeding" 31(1) DOI:10.1590/2317-1782/20182018264.


Cordray H, Raol N, Mahendran GN, Tey CS, Nemeth J, Sutcliffe A, Ingram J & Sharp WG (2024) "Quantitative impact of frenotomy on breastfeeding: a systematic review and meta-analysis" Paediatric Research 95 Pg.34-42.


Coryllos EV & Watson-Genna C (2009) "Breastfeeding and tongue-tie" Journal of Human Lactation 25 (1) Pg.111-112.


Costa-Romero M, Espinola-Docio B, Paricio-Talayero JM, Diaz-Gomez NM (2021) “Ankyloglossia in breastfed infants. An update” Arch Argent Pediatrics 119(6) e600-609 doi:10.5546/aap.2021.eng.e600.


Dhir S, Landau BP, Edemobi S, Meyer AK & Durr ML (2022) "Survey of Pediatric Otolaryngology Frenotomy Practice Patterns" Laryngoscope, 132(12) Pg.2505-2512.


Dollberg S, Botzer E, Grunis E & Mimouni FB (2006) "Immediate Nipple Pain Relief After Frenotomy in Breast-Fed Infants with ankyloglossia:a randomised, prospective study" Journal of Pediatr Surgery 41(9) Pg.1598-1600.


Dontai-Bourne J, Batool Z, Hendrickse C & Bowley D (2015) “Tongue-tie assessment and division: A time critical intervention to optimise breastfeeding” Journal of neonatal surgery 4(1) Pg.3 https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4420400/


Douglas PS (2016) “Deep cuts under babies tongues are unlikely to solve breastfeeding problems” The Conversation https://theconversation.com/deep-cuts-under-babies-tongues-are-unlikely-to-solve-breastfeeding-problems-54040


Dorough A(2022) "Differentiating the Impact of Biomechanical Forces of Labor and Delivery vs. the Effect of a Posterior Tongue-Tie on Neonatal and Infant Feeding Dysfunction: A Clinical Evaluation" Journal of Clinical Chiropractic Pediatrics 21(2) Pg.1893-1901.


Douglas, P (2022) "Re-thinking lactation-related nipple pain and damage" WOMENS HEALTH, 18. Pg.1-29.


Duursma RNL(2022) "Tongue-Tie in infants" Essence: Newsletter of the Australian Breastfeeding Association, 58(3) Pg.14-15.


Edmunds J, Miles S, Fulbrook P (2011) "Tongue-tie and breastfeeding: A review of the literature." Breastfeeding Review 2011:19(1) Pg.19-26.


Edmunds J, Fukbrook P, and Miles S (2013) "Understanding the experiences of mothers who are breastfeeding and infant with tongue-tie" Journal of Human Lactation 2013;29(2) Pg.190-195.


Eidelman AI (2024) "Breastfeeding and tongue tie: Business or medical model"  Breastfeeding Medicene 19(1) Pg.1-2.


Emmerson CV (2018) "Does frenotomy improve breastfeeding problems in neonates with ankyloglossia?" British Journal of Midwifery Vol 26 (3) ISSN 0969-4900.


Evans L, Lawson H, Oakeshott P, Knights F, & Chadha K (2023) "Tongue tie and breastfeeding problems" British Journal of General Practice 73(732) Pg.297-298.


Finnigan V & Long T (2013) "The effectiveness of frenulotomy on infant feeding outcomes: a systematic review" Evidence Based Midwifery June 2013.


Fraser L, Benzie S & Montgomery J (2020) "Posterior tongue tie and lip tie: a lucrative private industry where the evidence is uncertain" British Medical Journal 26:371:m3928 doi:10.1136/bmj.m3928.


Francis DO, Krishnaswami S & McPheeters M (2015) "Treatment of ankyloglossia and breastfeeding outcomes: a

systematic review" Pediatrics 135(6) doi/10.1542/peds.2015-0658.


Geddes D (2018) "Cutting tongue-ties may not help infants to breastfeed" Infant Vol 14 (6) Pg.213-214.


Geddes DT, Langton DB, Gollow I, Jacobs LA, Hartman PE & Simmer K (2008) "Frenulotomy for breastfeeding infants with ankyloglossia: effect on milk removal and sucking mechanism as imaged by ultrasound" https://www.ncbi.nlm.gov/pubmed/18573859.


Ghaheri BA, Cole M, Fausel S, Chuop M, Mace J (2016) "Breastfeeding improvement following tongue-tie and lip-tie release; a prospective cohort study" The Laryngoscope 127(5) Pg.1217-1223.


Ghaheri BA, Lincoln D, Mai TNT & Mace JC (2022) "Objective Improvement After Frenotomy for Posterior Tongue-Tie: A Prospective Randomized Trial" Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 166(5) Pg.976-984.


Ghaheri BA, Lincoln D, Mai TNT & Mace JC(2022) "Optimization of Infant Feeding in the Setting of Posterior Tongue Tie: A Response" Otolaryngol Head Neck Surgery Pg.1945998221112321.


Ghaheri BA, Tylor DA & Zaghi S (2020) "Lacking consensus:the management of ankyloglossia in children" Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 163(5) Pg.1064-1064.


Griffiths M (2004) "Do tongue-ties affect breastfeeding?" Journal of Human Lactation 20 Pg.409-414.


Hall DMB & Renfrew MJ (2005) "Tongue Tie" Archives of Disease in Childhood 90 Pg.1211-1215.


Hazelbaker AK (2010) Tongue-tie Morphogenesis, Impact, Assessment and Treatment Aidan & Eva Press, Ohio, USA.


Hill RR. Lyons KS, Kelly-Weeder S & Pados BF (2022) "Effect of Frenotomy on Maternal Breastfeeding Symptoms and the Relationship Between Maternal Symptoms and Problematic Infant Feeding" Glob Pediatr Health, 9 Pg.1-10.


Hill RR, Richard MA & Pados BF (2023) "Breastfeeding Symptoms with Tongue- and Lip-Tie" The American Journal of Maternal/Child Nursing 48(1) Pg.17-23.


Hillan R (2008) "Division of tongue-tie: wicked or barbaric?" The Practising Midwife 11 Pg.22-25.


Hogan M, Westcott C & Griffiths M (2005) "Randomised controlled trial for divisio of tongue-tie in infants with feeding problems" Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health Vol 41 (5-6) Pg.246-250.


Ito Y (2014) "Does frenotomy improve breast-feeding difficulties in infants with ankyloglossia?" Paediatrics International, 56 Pg.497-505.


Jayawardena ADL, Redmann A, Roby BB, Chinnadurai S, Caloway CL & Hartnick CJ (2022) "Response to: Objective Improvement After Frenotomy for Posterior Tongue Tie: A Prospective Randomized Trial" OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY Pg.1945998221112324-1945998221112324.


Johnson PRV (2006) “Tongue-Tie Exploding the myths” Infant 2(3) Pg.96-99.


Kean N (2023) "Otolaryngologists are still debating the effectiveness of tongue tie treatment" ENTtoday https://www.enttoday.org/article/otolaryngologists-are-still-debating-the-effectiveness-of-tongue-tie-tretment/.


Kendall-Tackett K (2017) “The tongue tie controversy” Clinical Lactation 8(3) Pg.87-88 doi:10.1891/2158-0782.8.3.87.


Knight M, Ramakrishnan R, Ratushnyak S, Rivero-Arias O, Bell J, Bowler U, Buchanan P, Carter C, Cole C, Hewer O, Hurd M, King A, Juszczak E, Linsell L, Long A-M, Mottram L, Murray D, Oddie S, Quigley M, Stalker V, Stanbury K, Welsh R, Hardy P (2023) "Frenotomy with breastfeeding versus breastfeeding support alone for infants with tongue-tie and breastfeeding difficulties: the FROSTTIE RCT" Health Technology Assessment Vol 27(11) Pg.1-73.


Koento, T., Tamin, S., Hutahuruk, S. M., Praborini, A. and Amouzegar, E. (2022) 'The frenotomy efficacy in gaining weight of exclusively breastfed infant with ankyloglossia', INDIAN JOURNAL OF OTOLOGY, 28(2) Pg.116-118.


Kummner A (2005) "Ankyloglossia: To clip or not to clip? Thats the question" The ASHA Leader 10 (6-7) Pg.30.


Martinelli, R. L. C., Marchesan, I. Q., Gusmão, R. J. and Berretin-Felix, G. (2022) 'Effect of Lingual Frenotomy on Tongue and Lip Rest Position: A Nonrandomized Clinical Trial', Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol, 26(1) Pg.e069-e074.


McMullen S & Wise P (2017) " Tongue-tie and breastfeeding-why the controversy?" Infant 13(3) Pg.92-93.


Messener AH, Walsh J, Rosenfeld RM, Schwartz SR, Ishman SL, Baldassari C, Brietzke SE, Darrow DH, Goldstein N, Levi J, Meyer AK, Parikh S, Simons JP, Wohl DL, Lambie E & Satterfield L (2020) "Clinical consensus statement: ankyloglossia in children. Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery 162(5) Pg.597-611.


Muldoon K, Gallagher L, McGuinness D, & Smith V (2017) "Effect of frenotomy on breastfeeding variables in

infants with ankyloglossia (tongue-tie): a prospective before and after cohort study" BMC pregnancy and childbirth 17(1) Pg.373.


National Health Service (NHS) (2023) ”Tongue tie and Bottle Feeding” https://www.nhs.uk/start-for-life/baby/feeding-your-baby/bottle-feeding/bottle-feeding-challenges/tongue-tie-and-bottle-feeding/ (accessed 27/01/2024) Crown copyright, UK.


National Institute of Clinical Excellence (2005) "Division of Ankyloglossia (tongue-tie) for breastfeeding"  NICE Interventional Procedure Guidance (IPG 149).


Ngerncham S, Laohapensang M, Wongvisutdhi T, Ritjaroen Y, Painpichan N, Hakularb P, Gunnaleka P & Chaturapitphothong P (2013) "Lingual frenulum and effect on breastfeeding in Thai newborn infants" Paediatrics & International Child Health 33(2) Pg.86-90.


O'Callaghan C, Macary S, Clemente S (2013) "The effects of office-based frenotomy for anterior and posterior ankyloglossia on breastfeeding" International Journal of Paediatric Otorhinolaryngology 77 Pg.827-832.


O'Shea JE, Foster JP, O'Donnell CPF, Breathnach D, Jacobs SE, Todd DA, Davis DG (2017) "Frenotomy for tongue-tie in newborn infants (review)" Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews John Wiley & Sons Ltd.


Pransky SM, Lago D, Hong P (2015) "Breastfeeding difficulties and oral cavity anomolies: the influence of post ankyloglossia and upper-lip ties" International Journal of Paediatric Otorhinolaryngology http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j-ijporl.2015.07.033.


Ramoser G, Guoth-Gumberger M, Baumgartner-Sigl S, Zoeggeler T, Scholl-Burgi S, Karall D (2019) "Frenotomy for tongue-tie (frenulum linguae breve) showed improved symptoms in the short and long-term follow up" Acta Paediatrica John Wiley and Sons Publishers p1-6 DOI:10.1111/apa.14811.


Rowan-Legg A (2015) “Ankyloglossia and breastfeeding” Pediatric Child Health 20(4) Pg.209-218.


Rydstrom LL, Tavallali A, Sundborg E, Berlin A & Ranheim A (2021) “Caught on the fringes of life: Mothers lived experiences of initial breastfeeding complications” Qualatative Health Research 31(9) Pg.1622-1631.


Schlatter, S-M, Schupp W, Otten J-E, Harnisch S, Kunze M, Stavropoulou D & Hentschel R (2019) "The role of

tongue-tie in breastfeeding problems—A prospective observational study" Acta Paediatrica, 108(12) Pg.2214–2221.


Siggaard LD, Tingsgaard P, Lüscher M, Holm JP, Nielsen JK & Berrett TQ (2022) "Parent-reported infant and maternal symptom relief following frenotomy in infants with tongue- tie" Dan Med J 69(5).


Slagter KW, Raghoebar GM, Hamming I, Meijer J & Vissink A (2021) "Effect of frenotomy on breastfeeding and reflux: results from the BRIEF prospective longitudinal cohort study" Clinical Oral Investigations 25(6) Pg.3431-3439.


Smith A (2016) "Tongue-Tie" Breastfeeding Basics www.breastfeedingbasics.com/articles/tongue-tie.


Souza-oliverira AC, Cruz PV, Bendo CB, Batista WC, Bouzada MCF, & Martins CC (2021) "Does ankyloglossia interfere with breastfeeding in newborns? A cross-sectional study" Journal of Clinical and Translational Research 7(2) Pg.263-269.


Srinivasan A, Khoury A, Puzhko S, Dobrich C, Stern M, Mitruck H & Goldfarb L (2018) "Frenotomy in infants with tongue tie and breastfeeding problems" Journal of Human Lactation 5(4) doi.org/10.1177/0890334418816973.


Talmor G & Całoway CL (2022) "Ankyloglossia and Tethered Orał Tissue. An Evidence Based Review" Pediatric clinics of North America 69(2) Pg.235-245.


Thomas J, Bunik M, Holmes A, Keels MA, Poindexter B, Meyer A, Gilliland A, (2024) "Identification and Management of Ankyloglossia and its effect on Breastfeeding in Infants: Clinical Report" Academy of Pediatrics e2024067605.


Todd D & Hogan M (2015) "Tongue-tie in the newborn: Early diagnosis and division prevents poor breastfeeding outcomes. Breastfeeding Review 23(1) Pg.11-16.


Tomara E, Dagla M, Antoniou E & Iatrakis G (2023) "Ankyloglossia as a barrier to breastfeeding: a literature review" Children 10(12) Pg.1902.


Tran J & Hill RR (2022) "Breastfeeding Experiences and Changes in Feeding Plans Among Parents of Infants Diagnosed With Tongue-Tie" Nursing for Women's Health 26(1) Pg.21-29.


UNICEF UK The Baby Friendly Initiative (2019) "Overcoming Breastfeeding Problems: Tongue-Tie" https://www.unicef.org.uk/babyfriendly/support-for-parents/tongue-tie/


Victoria CG, Bahl R, Barros AJD, Frana GVA, Horton S, Krasevec J, Murch S, Sankar MJ, Walker N & Rollins NC (2016) "Brastfeeding in the 21st century: epidemiology, mechanisms, and lifelong effect" The Lancet 387 (10017) Pg.475-490.


Waterman J, Lee T, Etchegary H, Drover A & Twells L (2020) "Mother's experiences of breastfeeding a child with tongue-tie" Maternal and Child Nutrition 17(2): e13115.


Watson J & DeSpain S (2022) "In infants with latch or feeding difficulties, does frenulectomy improve outcomes?" Evidence-Based Practice, 25(12) Pg.14-15.


Wattis ML (2022) "P10 - Let's examine the evidence for Tongue Tie and Lip Tie Surgical Treatment" Australian College of Midwives National Conference - Together at the Top September 13-15, 2022, Cairns, Queensland, Australia', Women & Birth, 35, pp. N.PAG-N.PAG.


Wen Z, Walner DL, Popova Y & Walner EG (2022) "Tongue-tie and breastfeeding" Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 160 Pg.111242.


Woodridge MW (2013) “Evidence that a short frenulum hampers the establishment of breastfeeding” Pediatric and International Child Health 33(2) Pg.59-60.


Wongwattana P (2022) "The effect of frenotomy on long-term breastfeeding in infants with ankyloglossia" Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 152 Pg.110983.


DIAGNOSIS & DEFINITION OF TONGUE-TIE RESTRICTION


Baeza CK, Watson-Genna C, Murphy J, Hazelbaker A, Kaplan M, Martinelli RLdC, Marchesan I, Douglas PS, Smillie C (2017) "Assessment and Classification of Tongue-Tie" Clinical Lactation 8(3) Pg.93-98 doi:10.1891/2158-0782.8.3.93.


Becker S, Brizuela M, Mendez MD (2023) “Ankyloglossia (tongue-tie)” Stat Pearls Publishing PMID:29493920 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482295/


Ballard J, Auer C & Khoury J (2002) "Ankyloglossia: Assessment, incidence and effect of the frenuloplasty on the breastfeeding dyad" Paediatrics 110(5) Pg.1-6.


Birch A (2021) "Ankyloglossia management: a collaborative approach to educating healthcare professionals" British Journal of Midwifery 29(12) Pg.706. ISSN 0969-4900.


Borowitz S (2023) "What is tongue tie and does it interfere with breastfeeding?-a brief review Frontiers in Pediatrics 11 Pg.10869-42. DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1086942.


Brzecka D, Garbacz M, Mical M, Zych B & Lewandowski B (2019) "Diagnosis, Classification and Mannagement of Ankyloglossia including its Influence on Breastfeeding" Developmental Period Medicine 23(1) Pg.79-87.


Carter E, Armstrong L, Kindred-Spalding E, Gale C, Wilson D (2023) "Accessing NHS tongue-tie services" British Journal of Midwifery Vol 31 (12) Pg.670-675.


Cullun IM (1959) in Hall DMB & Renfrew MJ (2006) “Tongue-tie” Archives of Disease in Childhood 90 Pg.1211-1215 https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.2005.077065.


Dotiwala AK, Samra NS (2023) “Anatomy, Head and Neck, Tongue” National Library of Medicine https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507782/


Edmunds J, Fulbrook P, Miles S, & Watson-Genna C (2014) "My baby has a tongue-tie: what does this mean?" Journal of Human Lactation 30(2) Pg.244-245.


Fuchs G (1966) “Histological examinations of the frenum of the tongue” Deutsche Stomatologie 16(8) Pg.575-580.


Guoth-Gumberger M & Karall D () "Tongue-tie, Evaluation and support" PADIATRIE UND PADOLOGIE https://www.breastfeeding-support.de/shop/tongue-tie-evaluation-and-support-guoth-gumberger-karall


Hall D & Renfrew M (2005) “Tongue Tie” Archives of Disease in Childhood (90) Pg.1211-1215.


Hazelbaker AK (2010) "Tongue Tie Morphogenesis, impact, assessment and treatment" Aidan & Eva Press, Ohio USA.


Hurst N & Tucker K (2013) "Diagnosing ankyloglossia" Journal of Human Lactation 29(3) Pg.423.


Illingworth (1982) in Hall DMB & Renfrew MJ (2006) “Tongue tie” British Medical Journal 90(12) Pg.1211-1215 https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.2005.077065.


International Affiliation of Tongue-tie Professionals (IATP) (2009) “What is a tongue-tie?” https://tonguetieprofessionals.org/tongue-tie/


Jin RR, Sutcliffe A, Vento M, Miles C, Travadi J, Kishore K, Suzuki K, Todd D, Wooderson S, Kamar AA, Mia L, Smyth J & Oei JL (2018) "What does the world think of ankyloglossia?" Acta Pediatrica 107(10) Pg.1733-1738.


Johnson PRV (2006) "Tongue tie: exploding the myths" Infant 2(3) Pg.96-99.


Kelly, Z. and Yang, C. J. (2022) 'Ankyloglossia', Pediatr Rev, 43(8), Pg.473-475.


Kotlow LA (1999) “Ankyloglossia (tongue-tie): a diagnostic and treatment quandary” Clinical Paediatrics 38(4) Pg.185-190.


LeFort Y, Evans A, Livingstone V, Douglas P, Dahiquist N, Donnelly B, Leeper K, Harley E, Lappin S & The Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine (2021) “The Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine Position Statement on Ankyloglossia in Breastfeeding Dyads” Breastfeeding Medicine: The Official Journal of the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine 16(4) Pg.278-281.


Macdonald D (2016) “Tongue-tie in children” Paragon Health Industries https://www.paragonhealth.net.au/blog/tongue-tie-in-children .


Martinelli RLC, Marchesan IQ, Lauris JR, Honorio HM, Gusmao RJ & Berretin-Felix G (2016) “Validation of the lingual frenulum protocol for infants” International Journal of Orofacial Myology and Myofunctional therapy 42(1) Pg.6-14.


Messner AH & Lalakea ML (2000) “Ankyloglossia: controversies in management (comprehensive study)" International Journal of Pediatric Otolaryngology 54(2-3) Pg.123-131.


Mills N, Pransky SM, Geddes DT, & Mirjalili SA (2019) "What is a tongue tie? Defining the anatomy of the in‐

situ lingual frenulum" Clinical Anatomy 32(6) Pg.749-761.


Mills N, Geddes DT, Amirapu S, Mirjalili SA.(2020) "Understanding the Lingual Frenulum: Histological Structure, Tissue Composition, and Implications for Tongue Tie Surgery." International Journal of Otolaryngology.  28;2020:1820978. doi: 10.1155/2020/1820978.


Mills N, Keough N, Geddes DT, Pransky SM & Mirjalili SA (2019) "Defining the anatomy of the neonatal

lingual frenulum" Clinical Anatomy 32(6) Pg.824-835.


Narsat MA, Beygirci A, Özdönmez GT & Yıldız E (2022) "Grouping of Ankyloglossia According to Coryllos Anatomical Classification and Follow-Up Results for Breastfeeding: Single- Center, Cross-Sectional Study"  Children, 9(12) Pg.1860.


National Health Service (NHS) (2024) “Tongue-tie” https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/tongue-tie/.


NICE (2005) "Division of ankyloglossia (tongue-tie) for breastfeeding: Guidance" 1PG149 National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ipg149.


Rees-Stoner O (2020) “Tongue-tied” British Dental Journal (229) Pg.637-638 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41415-020-2418-5.


Ritter N (2013) “Tell me about tongue-ties!” Breastfeeding USA https://breastfeedingusa.org/content/article/tell-me-about-tongue-ties.


Segal LM, Stephenson R, Dawes M & Feldman P (2007) “Prevalence, diagnosis and treatment of ankyloglossia, methodological review” Canadian Family Physician 53(6) Pg.1-27-1033.


Thomas J, Bunik M, Holmes A, Keels MA, Poindexter B, Meyer A, Gilliland A (2024) “Identification and Management of Ankyloglossia and Its Effect on Breastfeeding in Infants; Clinical Report" Paediatrics 154(2) https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2024- 067605.


Todd D & Hogan M (2015) "Tongue-tie in the newborn: Early diagnosis and division prevents poor breastfeeding outcomes" Breastfeeding Review 23(1) Pg.11-16.


Todd DA (2014) “Tongue-tie in the newborn: What, when, who and how? Exploring tongue-tie division” Breastfeeding Review 22(2) Pg.7-11.


Wakelin R, Howe A, Fleetcroft R & Stocks LA (2017) "Tongue-tie and breastfeeding: Identifying problems in the diagnostic and treatment journey" British Journal of Midwifery 25(9) Pg.579 ISSN: 0969-4900.


Walsh J (2017) "Ankyloglossia and Lingual Frenotomy: National Trends in Diagnosis and Management in the United States 1997-2012" Otolaryngeal Head and Neck Surgery 156(4) Pg.735-740.


Walsh J, Tunkel D (2017) “Diagnosis and treatment of ankyloglossia in newborns and infants: A review” JAMA Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery 1;143(10) Pg.1032-1039.


Watson Genna C & Coryllos E (2008) "Breastfeeding and tongue-tie" Journal of Human Lactation 25(1) Pg.111-112.


UNICEF UK Baby Friendly Initiative "Tongue-tie" www.babyfriendly.org.uk/tonguetie.


Zaghi S, Shamtoob S, Peterson C, Christianson L, Valcu-Pinkerton S, Peeran Z, Fung B, Kwok-Keung Ng D, Jagomagi T Archambault N, O'Connor B, Winslow K, Lano M, Murdock J, Morrissey L & Yoon A (2021) "Assessment of posterior tongue mobility using lingual-palatal suction: Progress towards a functional definition of ankyloglossia" Journal of Oral Rehabilitation vol 48(6) Pg.692-700.


ASSESSMENT TOOLS


Amir LH, James JP & Donath SM (2006) "Reliability of the Hazelbaker Assessment Tool for Lingual Frenulum Function" International Breastfeeding Journal 1(1) Pg.3 https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4358-1-3.


Araujo M et al (2020) "Evaluation of the lingual frenulum in newborns using two protocols and its association with breastfeeding" Journal de Pediatria 96(3) Pg.379-385.


Arena M, Micarelli A, Guzzo F, Misici I, Jamshir D, Micarelli B, Castaldo A, di Benedetto A & Alessandrini M (2022) "Outcomes of tongue-tie release by means of tongue and frenulum assessment tools: a scoping review on non-infants" Acta Otorhinolaryngol Italia 42(6) Pg.492-501.


Baeza C, Watson-Genna C, Murphy J & Hazelbaker A (2017) “Assessment and classification of tongue tie” Clinical Lactation 8(3) Pg.93-98.


Ballard J, Auer C & Khoury J (2002) "Ankyloglossia: Assessment, incidence and effect of the frenuloplasty on the breastfeeding dyad" Paediatrics 110(5) Pg.1-6.


Baxter R, Lashley A, Rendell N (2021) "Tongue restriction questionnaire: A new screening tool to identify tongue tied patients" Compendium of Continuing Education in Dentistry vol 42(3) Pg.1-8.


Baxter R (2020) “What’s the best tool to use to treat a tongue-tie?” Alabama Tongue-tie center https://tonguetieal.com/whats-the-best-tool-to-use-to-treat-a-tongue-tie/.


Briddell JW, Vandjelovic ND, Fromen CA, Peterman EL, Reilly JS. (2020) "Geometric model to predict improvement after lingual frenulectomy for ankyloglossia."  International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology. 134:110063. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2020.110063.


Brzecka D, Garbac M, Mical M, Zych B, Lewandowski B (2019) “Diagnosis, classification and management of ankyloglossia including its influence on breastfeeding” Developmental Period Medicine 23 (1) Pg.79-85.


Cruz PV, Souza-Oliveira AC, Notaro SQ, Occhi-Alexandre IGP, Maia RM, De Luca Canto G, Bendo CB & Martins CC (2022) "Prevalence of ankyloglossia according to different assessment tools: A meta-analysis" Journal of the American Dental Association (JADA), 153(11) Pg.1026-1026.


Brandao CA, de Marsillac MWS, BarjaFidalgo F & Oliveira BH (2018) "Is the neonatal screening test a valid and reliable tool for detecting ankyloglossia in newborns?" International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 28(4) Pg.380-389 DOI:10.1111/ipd.12369.


Cruz PV, Souza-Oliveira AC, Notaro SQ, Occhi-Alexandre IGP, Maia RM, De Luca Canto G, Bendo CB & Martins CC (2022) "Prevalence of ankyloglossia according to different assessment tools. A meta-analysis" Journal of American Dentistry Association 153(11) Pg.1026-1040.

Diniz Queiroz IQ, Coelho Leal S, Silva Alves WN, Brito Pereira Damasceno IM, Da Silva Figueiredo Sé MJ.& Pereira Costa VP (2022) "Comparison Between Two Protocols for Ankyloglossia Diagnosis in Newborn Babies" Pediatric Dentistry 44(1) Pg. 52-57.


Divya R, Damke S, Paul A & Sarma S (2022) "An Outlook on Breastfeeding Assessment Tools- A Review" JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH, 16(7) Pg.SE1-SE4.


Dobrich C & Guilleminault C (2016) “Frenotomy decision tool for breastfeeding dyads” Journal of Clinical Lactation 7(2) Pg.123-129.


Fraga M dR BdA, Barreto KA, Lira TCB & de Menezes VA (2021) "Diagnosis of ankyloglossia in newborns: is there any difference related to the screening method?" Codas 33(1) e20190209.


Hatami A, Dreyer CW, Meade MJ & Kaur S (2022) "Effectiveness of tongue-tie assessment tools in diagnosing and fulfilling lingual frenectomy criteria: a systematic review" AUSTRALIAN DENTAL JOURNAL, 67(3) Pg.212-219.


Hazelbaker A (2017) “Assessment tool for lingual frenulum function” https://www.lactspeak.com/alisonhazelbaker/presentation/using-the-hazelbaker-assessment-tool-for-lingual-frenulum-function.


Korolenkova MV & Poberezhnaya AA (2022) "Morphological and functional assessment of the oral mucosa in children with dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa" Stomatologiia, 101(2) Pg.63-68.


Ingham J, Copeland M, Johnson D & Emond A (2019) "The development and evaluation of a picture tongue assessment tool for tongue-tie in breastfed babies (TABBY)" International Breastfeeding Journal 14(31) Pg.


Ingram J, Johnson D, Copeland M, Churchill C, Taylor H, Emond A (2015) "The development and evaluation of a picture tongue assessment tool to assist with tongue-tie identification" Archives of Disease in Childhood-Fetal and Neonatal Edition 100:F344-F349.


Martinelli R, Marchesan I, & Berretin-Felix G (2012) "Lingual frenulum protocol with scores for infants" The International Journal of Orofacial Myology v38 Pg.104-112.


Martinelli RLC, Marchesan IQ, Louris JRP, Honorio HM, & Gusmao RJ (2017) “Neonatal tongue screening test: lingual frenulum protocol with scores for infants” Clinical Lactation 83(3) Pg.134-137.


Narsat MA, Beygirci A, Ozdonmez GT & Yildiz E (2022) "Grouping of ankyloglossia according to Coryllos anatomical classification and follow-up results for breastfeeding; Single-center cross sectional study" Children 9(12) Pg.1860.


O'Connor ME, Gilliland AM & LeFort Y (2022) "Complications and misdiagnoses associated with infant frenotomy: results of a healthcare professional survey" International Breastfeeding Journal, 17(1) Pg.1-9.


Unkel JH, Martin C, Berry EJ, Patel SN, Reinhartz D & Reinhartz J (2021) "Evaluation of anatomic features and assessment tools to determine treatment of ankyloglossia" Journal of Dental Child 88(3) Pg.150-155.


Wardle SP (2017) "Tongue-tie and tongue-tie division: a significant problem needing intervention-or are too many babies being treated?" Infant 13(3) Pg.94-48.


Walker RD, Messing S, Rosen-Carole C & McKenna Benoit M (2018) "Defining tip-frenulum length for ankyloglossia and its impact on breastfeeding. A prospective cohort study" Breastfeeding Medicene 13(3) Pg.204-210.


BLEEDING MANAGEMENT

Bleeding Guidelines (tongue-tie.org.uk)


Ashok PK & Upadhyaya K (2012) "Tanins are Astringent" Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 3(3) Pg.45-50.


Autret-Leca E & Jonville-Bera AP (2001) "Vitamin K in neonates: How to administer, when and to whom" Paediatric Drugs 3(1) Pg.1-8.


Bate-Smith EC (1972) "Haemanalysis of Tanins: The concept of relative astringency" Pergamon Press 12(4) Pg.907-912.


Chalmers EA (2004) "Neonatal Coagulation Problems" in British Journal of Medicine 89(6) F475-478.


Kim DH, Dickie A, Shih ACH, Graham ME (2021) "Delayed heamorrhage following laser frenotomy leading to hypovolemic shock" Breastfeeding Medicene 16(4) Pg.346-348 doi:10.1089/bfm.2020.0319.


Loyal J & Shapiro ED (2020) "Refusal of Intramuscular Vitamin K by Parents of Newborns: A Review" Hospital Pediatrics  10(3) Pg.286-294. doi: 10.1542/hpeds.


NHLBI (2023) “What are blood clotting disorders? Fact sheet" National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/resources/what-are-blood-clotting-disorders-fact-sheet


Shearer MJ (2009) “Vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB) in early infancy” Blood Reviews 23(2) Pg.49-59 doi:10.1016/j.blre.2008.06.001.


Tarighi P & Khoroushi M (2014) "A review on common chemical hemostatic agents in restorative dentisrty" Dental Research Journal 1(4) Pg.423-428.


INCIDENCE & PREVALENCE OF ANKYLOGLOSSIA


Barbera-Perez PM, Sierra-Colomina M, Deyanova-Alyosheva N, Plana-Fernandez M & Lalaguna-Mallada P (2021) "Prevalence of ankyloglossia in newborns and impact of frenulotomy in a Baby-friendly hospital" Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex 78(5) Pg.418-423.


Cordray H, Mahendran GN, Tey CS, Nemeth J, Sutcliffe A, Ingram J & Raol N (2023) "Severity and prevalence of ankyloglossia-associated breastfeeding symptoms: A systematic review and meta-analysis" Acta Paediatrics 112(3) Pg.347-357.


Coryllos C, Watson-Genna C & Salloum AC (2004) “Congenital tongue-tie and its impact on breastfeeding” Breastfeeding: Best for mother and Baby newsletter 1-6.


Cruz PV, Souza-Oliveira AC, Notaro SQ, Occhi-Alexandre IGP, Mai RM, De Luca Canto G, Bendo CB & Martins CC (2022) "Prevalence of ankyloglossia according to different assessment tools. A meta-analysis Journal of American Dentistry Association 153(11) Pg.1026-1040.


Douglas PS (2013) “Rethinking ‘posterior’ tongue-tie” Breastfeeding Medicine 8(6) Pg.503-506.


Dixon B, Shand B, Gray J, Elliott N, Lynn A (2018) "A multi-faceted programme to reduce the rate of tongue-tie release surgery in newborn infants: an observational study" International Journal of Pediatric otorhinolaryngology 113(2018) Pg.156-163 DOI:10.1016/j.ijporl.2018.07.045.


Felemban R & Mawardi H (2019) "Congenital absence of lingual frenum in a non-syndromic patient: a case repport" Journal of Medical Case Reports 13 Pg.56.


Ferrés-Amat E, Pastor-Vera T, Rodriguez-Alessi P, Mareque-Bueno J, & Ferrés-Padró E (2017) "The prevalence of

ankyloglossia in 302 newborns with breastfeeding problems and sucking difficulties in Barcelona: a descriptive study"

European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 18(4) Pg.319-325.


Ganesan K, Girgis S & Mitchell S (2019) "Lingual frenulotomy in neonates: past, present and future" British Journal of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery 57(3) Pg.207-213.


Guinot F, Carranza N, Ferrés-Amat E, Carranza M & Veloso A (2022) 'Tongue-tie: incidence and outcomes in breastfeeding after lingual frenotomy in 2333 newborns" Journal of Clinical Pediatr Dentistry, 46(6) Pg.33-39.


Haham A, Marom R, Mangel L & Botzer E (2014) "Prevalence of breastfeeding difficulties in newborns with a lingual frenuum-A prospective cohort series" Breastfeeding Medicine 9(9) Pg.438-441.


Hill RR, Lee CS & Pados BF (2020) "The prevalence of ankyloglossia in children aged <1 year: a systematic review and meta-analysis" Pediatric Research 90 Pg.259-266.


Joseph KS, Kinniburgh B, Metcalfe A, Razaz N, Sabr Y & Lisonkova S (2016) "Temporal trends in ankyloglossia and frenotomy in British Colombia, Canada 2004-2013: A population based study" CMAJ Open 4(1) e33-e40.


Kapoor V, Douglas PS, Hill PS, Walsh LJ & Tennant M (2018) "A frenotomy for tongue tie in Australian children, 2006-2016: an increasing problem (research letter) Medical Journal of Australia 208(2) Pg.88-89.


Kean K (2019) "The dramatic rise in tongue tie and lip tie treatment" ENT Today https://www.enttoday.org/article/explaining-the-dramatic-rise-in-tongue-tie-and-lip-tie-treatment/?singlepage=1


Lisonek M, Liu S, Dzakpasu S, Moore AM, Joseph KS (2017) " Changes in the incidence and surgical treatment of ankyloglossia in Canada" Paediatric Child Health 22(7) Pg.382-386.


Martinelli RLdC, Marchesan IQ & Berretin-Felix G (2018) “Posterior lingual frenulum in infants: occurrence and maneuver for visual inspection” Revista CEFAC 20(4) Pg.478-483.


Maya-Enero S (2021) "Prevalence of neonatal ankyloglossia in a tertiary care hospital in Spain, a transversal cross-sectional study. European Journal of Pediatrics 180(3) Pg.751-757.


Perez-Aguirre B, Soto-Barreras U, Loyola-Rodriguez JP, Reyes-Marcias JF, Santos-Diaz MA, Loyola-Leyva A & Garcia-Cortes O (2018) "Oral findings and its association with prenatal and perinaal factors in newborns" Korean Journal of Pediatrics  61(9) Pg.279-284 doi: 10.3345/kjp.2017.06177.

Segal L, Stephenson R, Dawes M & Feldman P (2007) "Prevalence, diagnosis and treatment of ankyloglossia: methodologic review" Canadian Family Physician 53(6) Pg.1027-1033.


Walsh J, Links A, Boss E, Tunkel D (2017) "Ankyloglossia and lingual frenotomy:National trends in inpatient diagnosis and management in the USA 1997-2012" Otolarynology Head Neck Surgery 156(4) Pg.735-740.


Wardle SP (2017) “Tongue-tie and tongue-tie division: a significant problem needing intervention, or are too many babies being treated?” Infant 13(3) Pg.94-97.


BODY-THERAPIES

Manual Therapy and Infant Feeding (tongue-tie.org.uk)


American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) (2022) “When a baby’s head is misshapen: Positional skull deformities” Neurological surgery and section on plastic and reconstructive surgery https://healthychildren.org.


Carminatti M, Nicoloso GF, Miranda PP, Gomes E, de Araujo FB (2022) "The Effectiveness of Lingual Frenectomy and Myofunctional Therapy for Children: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial"  JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY FOR CHILDREN, 89(1) Pg.3-10.


Chuang A, Holmes E & Miller J (2014) "Chiropractic treatment of gastro-esophageal reflux disease in a pediatric patient: A case report" JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHIROPRACTIC PEDIATRICS 14(2) Pg.1-47.


Cornall D (2010) "A review of the breastfeeding literature relevant to osteopathic practice" International Journal of Osteopathic Medicene 14(2011) Pg.61-66.


Davies NJ (2002) "Chiropractic management of deformational plagiocephaly in infants: An alternative to device-dependent therapy" Chiropractic Journal of Australia 32(2) Pg.52-55.


Dobson D, Lucassen PLBJ, Miller JJ, Vlieger AM, Prescott P & Lewith G (2012) "Manipulative Therapy for Infantile Colic (Review)" https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD004796.pub2/epdf/full 12(12) Pg.CD004796.


Fraval M (1998) "A pilot study: Osteopathic treatment of infants with a sucking dysfunction" Journal of American Academy of Osteopathy 8(2) Pg.25-33.


Fryman V (1966) "Relation of disturbances of craniosacral mechanisms to symptomatology of the newborn: study of 1250 infants" The Journal of American Osteopathic Association 65(10) Pg.1059-1075.


González Garrido MDP, Garcia-Munoz C, Rodríguez-Huguet M, Martin-Vega FJ, Gonzalez- Medina G & Vinolo-Gil MJ (2022) "Effectiveness of Myofunctional Therapy in Ankyloglossia: A Systematic Review" Int J Environ Res Public Health, 19(19) Pg.12347


Hash J (2014) "Deformational plagiocephaly and chiropractic care: A narrative review and case report" JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHIROPRACTIC PEDIATRICS 14(2) Pg.1-47.


Hawk C, Minkalis A, Webb C, Hogan O & Vallone S (2018) "Manual Interventions for Musculoskeletal Factors in Infants With Suboptimal Breastfeeding: A Scoping Review" Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine 23 Pg.1-12 https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2515690X18816971


Hertshaft-Le Roy J, Xhignease M & Gaboury I (2016) "Efficacy of osteopathic treatment coupled with lactation consultations for infants biomechanical sucking difficulties. A randomised controlled trial" Journal of Human Lactation 33(1) Pg.1:8 Doi 10.1177/0890334416679620.


Hubbard M (2014) "Paediatric cholelithiasis and breastfeeding difficulties: A chiropractic case report" JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHIROPRACTIC PEDIATRICS 14(2) p1144-1150.


Lessard S, Gagnon & Trottier N (2011) "Exploring the impact of osteopathic treatment on cranial asymmetries associated with nonsynostotic plagiocephaly in infants" Complimentary Therapy Clinical Practice 17(4) Pg.193-198.


Miller J, Beharie MC, Taylor A, Simmenes EB & Way S (2016) "Parent Reports of Exclusive Breastfeeding After Attending a Combined Midwifery and Chiropractic Feeding Clinic in the United Kingdom: A Cross-Sectional Service Evaluation" Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine 21(2) Pg.85-91


Quezada DM (2004) "Chiropractic care of an infant with plagiocephaly" Journal of Clinical Chiropractic Pediatrics 6(1) Pg.342-348.


Sargeant B, Kaplan SL, Coulter C & Baker C (2019) “Congenital muscular torticollis:vBridging the gap between research and clinical practice” Pediatrics 144(2) e20190582.


Spigelblatt L (2002) "Chiropractic care for children: Controversies and issues" Paediatric Child Health 7(2) Pg.85-89. doi: 10.1093/pch/7.2.85. PMID: 20046278; PMCID: PMC2794701. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2794701/.


Summersgill I, Nguyen G, Grey C, Norouz-Knutsen L, Merkel-Walsh R, Katzenmeir C, Rafii B & Zaghi S (2023) "Muscle tension dysphonia in singers and professional speakers with ankyloglosia: Impact of treatment with lingual frenuloplasty and orofacial myofunctional therapy" International Journal of Orofacial Myology and Myofunctional Therapy 49(1) Pg.1-8.


The Fascia Research society (2015) “Fascial Nomenclature” Fourth Fascia Research Congress Washington DC, https://www.fasciaresearchsociety.org/fascial_nomenclature.php


Vallone SA (2004) "Chiropractic Evaluation and Treatment of Musculoskeletal Dysfunction in Infants Demonstrating Difficulty Breastfeeding" Journal of Clinical Chiropractic Pediatrics 6(1) Pg.349-368.


Vismara L , Manzotti A, Tarantino AG, Bianchi G, Nonis A, La Rocca S, Lombardi E, Lista G & Agosti M (2019) "Timing of oral feeding changes in premature infants who underwent osteopathic manipulative treatment" Complementary Therapies in Medicine 43(2019) Pg.49-52. (https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0965229918310653).


Watson-Genna C (2015) "Breastfeeding Infants with Congenital Torticollis" Journal of Human Lactation 31(2) Pg.216–220.

DOI: 10.1177/0890334414568315.


Zaghi S, Valcu-Pinkerton S, Jabara M, Norouz-Knutsen L, Govardhan C, Moeller J, Sinkus V, Thorsen RS, Downing V, Camacho M, Yoon A, Hang WM, Hockel B, Guileminault C, & Yung-Chuan Liu S (2019) "Lingual frenuloplasty with myofunctional therapy: Exploring safety and efficacy in 348 cases"  Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology 4(5) Pg.489-496.


POST FRENULOTOMY MANAGEMENT

Association of Tongue-tie Practitioners (ATP) (2024) “Care after tongue-tie division (frenulotomy)” Association of Tongue-tie Practitioners www.tongue-tie.org.uk/information.


ATP Position Statements "WOUND MANAGEMENT" (www.tongue-tie.org.uk/atp-position-statements)


Bhandarkar KP, Dar T, Karia L & Upadhyaya M (2022) "Post Frenotomy Massage for Ankyloglossia in Infants—Does It Improve Breastfeeding and Reduce Recurrence?'" Maternal and Child Health Journal 26(8) Pg.1727-1731.


Brinkman S, Reilly S, & Meara JG (2004) “Management of tongue tie in children: A survey of pediatric surgeons in Australia” Journal of Pediatrics and Child Health 40 Pg.600-605.


Brown A (2015) "Wound management 1: Phases of the wound healing process" Nursing Times 111(46) Pg.12-13.


Cole M, Ligh RQ & Liddicoat M (2023) "Navigating post-frenectomy wound care" The Journal of Multidisciplinary care: Decisions in Dentistry 9(9) Pg.28-31.


Ghareri D (2015) "The importance of active wound management following frenulotomy" www.drghareri.com/blog/2015/6/21/the-importance-of-active-wound-management-following-frenulotomy


Hill RR, Hines M, Martens A, Pados BF & Zimmerman E (2022) "A pilot study of non- nutritive suck measures immediately pre- and post-frenotomy in full term infants with problematic feeding" Journal of Neonatal Nursing, 28(6) Pg.413-419.


Jaeger M, Harats M, Kornhaber R, Aviv U, Zerach A & Haik J (2016) “Treatment of hyper granulation tissue in burn wounds with topical steroid dressings: a case series” Journal of International Case Reports 9 Pg.241-245.


Mattos Lactation (2022) “Tongue-tie release: Wound healing timeframe” https://www.mattoslactation.com/blog/tongue-tie/wound-healing


Messner AH & Lalakea ML (2000) “Ankyloglossia: controversies in management (comprehensive study) International Journal of Pediatric Otolaryngology 54(2-3) Pg.123-131.


NHS (2014) “Frenulotomy-Post Procedure Advice Sheet-Maternity-Patient information leaflet” The Dudley Group NHS Foundation Trust National Health Service, UK.


NHS (2019) “Frenulotomy (tongue-tie release) aftercare advice; Patient information factsheet” University Hospital Southampton NHS trust (revised 2024) https://www.uhs.nhs.uk/Media/UHS-website-2019/Patientinformation/Pregnancyandbirth/Frenulotomy-tongue-tie-release-aftercare-advice-1851-PIL.pdf


NHS Lanarkshire (2023) “Tongue-tie information for patients NHS Lanarkshire Maternity Department” https://www.nhslanarkshire.scot.nhs.uk/patient-information-leaflets/maternity/pil-tontie-21-00004-l/#:~:text=Infection%20is%20rare%2C%20but%20avoid,to%20speech%20and%20language%20therapy.


Oakley S (2023) “Does this look like it has been cut deep enough?” Sarahoakleylactation https://sarahoakleylactation.co.uk/does-this-look-like-it-has-been-cut-deep-enough/#:~:text=According%20to%20Nikki%20Mills%2C%20deep,of%20the%20tongue%2Dtie).


Oakley S (2022) “Post tongue-tie division advice sheet” Sarah Oakley Lactation Ltd https://sarahoakleylactation.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Post-tongue-tie-division-advice-June-22.pdf


Oakley S (2017) "The health visitor's role in supporting families with tongue-tied babies" Journal of Health Visiting 5(12) Pg.594 doi.org/10.12968/johv.2017.5.12.594.


Praborini A, Setiani A, Maviandar A, & Wulandrai RA (2018) “A holistic supplementation regimen for tongue-tied babies with slow weight gain and failure to thrive” Clinical Lactation 9(2) Pg.78 doi:10.1891/2158-0782.9.2.78.


Scarano A, Di Giulio R, Gehrke SA, Tagariello G, Romano F & Lorusso F (2023) "Atmospheric Plasma Lingual Frenectomy Followed by Post Operative Tongue Exercises: A Case Series" Children (Basel) 10(1).


Shekher R, Lin L, Zhang R, Hoppe IC, Taylor JA, Bartlett SP & Swanson JW (2021) "How to Treat a Tongue-tie: An Evidence-based Algorithm of Care" Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open 9(1) Pg.e3336  DOI: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000003336.


Smyth C (2016) “What to expect after a tongue-tie release” https://www.carolsmyth.co.uk/breastfeeding-resources/posts/2016/june/what-to-expect-after-tongue-tie-release/


The Analytical Armadillo (2014) “Treating tongue-ties-Laser v Scissors” https://www.analyticalarmadillo.co.uk/2014/02/5-points-about-treating-tongue-ties.html


Timms L (2017) "Caring for babies after tongue-tie division(frenulotomy)" NCT Perspective Pg.37.


Watson-Genna C (2013) "Supporting Sucking Skills in Breastfeeding Infants 2nd Edition" Jones&Bartlett Learning New York.


SURGICAL TECHNIQUES


Academy of Breastfeeding Medicene (ABM) (2004) "Protocol#11: Guidelines for the evaluation and management of neonatal ankyloglossia and its complications in the breastfeeding dyad" 2004.


Anwar S & Purohit GN (2012) “Ankyloglossia and its surgical correction by frenuloplasty in a she-camel calf (camelus dromedarius)” Journal of Open Vet 28(1) Pg.23-25.


Chongqing YU,  Li Q Q, Zhang RZ, Chen SL, Xia FF & Zhou Z (2022) "Effects of different surgical treatments on children with ankyloglossia: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis" BMJ Open 12(12) Pg.e065653.


Dell’Olio F, Baldassarre ME, Russo FG, Schettini F, Siciliani RA, Mezzapesa PP, Tempesta A, Laforgia N, Favia G & Limongelli L  (2022) "Lingual laser frenotomy in newborns with ankyloglossia: a prospective cohort study" The Italian journal of pediatrics 48(1) Pg.1.


Junqueira MA, Cunha NNO, Silva LLCe, Araujo LB, Moretti ABS, Couto Filho CEG, Sakai VT (2014) "Surgical techniques for the treatment of ankyloglossia in children: a case series" 22(3) Pg.241-248 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-77520130629.


Kotlow LA (2004) "Using the equilibrium. YAG laser to correct an abnormal lingual frenum attachment in newborns" The Journal of the Academy of laser Dentistry 12 Pg.22-23.


Liboon J, Funkhouser W & Terris DJ (2016) "A comparison of mucosal incisions made by scalpal, CO2 laser, Electrocautery, and constant-voltage electrocautery" Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Vol 116(3) Pg.379-385 doi:10.1016/S0194-599989770277-8.


Mazzoni A, Navarro RS, Fernandes KPS, Mesquita-Ferrari RA, Horliana A, Silva T, Santos EM, Sobral APT, Júnior AB, Nammour S, Motta LJ & Bussadori SK (2022) "Comparison of the Effects of High-Power Diode Laser and Electrocautery for Lingual Frenectomy in Infants: A Blinded Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial" Journal of Clinical Medicine 11(13) Pg.3783.


Mazzoni A, Navarro RS, Fernandes KPS, Horliana ACRT, Mesquita-Ferrari RA, Motta PB, Silva T, Gomes AO, Martimbianco ALC, Sobral APT, Santos EM, Motta LJ & Bussadori SK l (2021) “Evaluation of the effects of high-level laser and electrocautery in lingual frenectomy surgeries in infants: protocol for a blinded randomised controlled clinical trial” BMJ Open 2021(11) e050733. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050733.


Mir MA, Maurya R, Parkash O, Kaushal G & Rakesh NR (2022) "Harmonic Lingual Frenotomy for Ankyloglossia: A Newer Novel Technique" CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 14(3) Pg.e23223.


Murias I, Grzech-Lesniak K, Murias A, Walicka-Cuprys K, Dominiak M, Deeb JG & Matys J (2022) "Efficacy of Various Laser Wavelengths in the Surgical Treatment of Ankyloglossia: A Systematic Review" LIFE-BASEL, 12(4) Pg558.


Patel J, Anthonappa RP & King NM (2018) "All tied up! Influences of oral frenulae on breastfeeding and their recommended mnagement strategies" Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 42(6) Pg.407-413.


RCPI (2016) "Management of tongue-tie in early infancy" Royal College of Physicians Ireland (RCPI) Health Service Executive/Faculty of Paediatrics .


Reddy NR, Marudhappan Y, Devi R, Narang S (2014) “Clipping the (tongue) tie.” J Indian Soc Periodontology 18(3) Pg.395-8. doi: 10.4103/0972-124X.134590.


Shekher R, Lin L, Zhang R, Hoppe IC,  Taylor JA, Bartlett SP & Swanson JW (2021) "How to Treat a Tongue-tie: An Evidence-based Algorithm of Care" Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery-Global Open 9(1) Pg. e3336 DOI: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000003336.


Silva AS, Nunes AMM, Neves PA & Lago ADN (2022) "Use of high-power lasers in pediatric dental surgeries: case reports" General Dentistry 70(3) Pg.56-59.


Singh S, Gambhir R, Kaur A, Singh G (2012) “Dental lasers: A review of safety essentials” Journal of lasers in medical sciences 3(3) Pg.91-96.


Yung-Chauan Liu S, Huin LK, Zaghi S, Riley R & Torre C (2017) "An accurate method of designing and performing individual-specific geniogolossus advancement" Otolaryngology-Head and Nick Surgery 156(1) Pg.194-197.


OTHER TETHERED ORAL TISSUE(S)

ATP Position Statements "LIP TIE" (tongue-tie.org.uk/atp-position-statements)


Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) (2015) “Treatments for ankyloglossia and ankyloglossia with concomitant lip-tie” Effective Healthcare Program No:149. https://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/ankyloglossia_research.pdf


American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) (2023) "Policy on management of the frenulum in paediatric patients" The Reference Manual of Pediatric Dentistry Oral Health Policies 2024:73-78.


Bacon BR & Carr MM (2023) "Maxillary frenulum and lip-tie: what parents understand" Otolaryngology Open 7(3) Pg.e71-78.


Baxter RT, Merkel-Walsh, Lahey L, Knutsen C & Zaghi S (2024) "The buccal frenum: Trends in diagnosis and indications for treatment of buccal-ties among 466 healthcare professionals" Journal of Oral Rehabiliation 51(2) Pg.369-379 https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.13609


Baxter RT, Zaghi S & Lashley AP (2022) "Safety and efficacy of maxillary labial frenectomy in children: A retrospective comparative cohort study" International Orthodontistry 20(2) Pg.100630.


Douglas P, Cameron A, Cichero J, Geddes D, Hill PS, Kapoor V, McBride CA, Tennant M, Tsang A & Walsh LJ (2017) "Upper lip ties, buccal ties, and frenotomy in infants" Australian Collaboration for infant oral research (ACIOR Position statement).


Freeman CG, Ohlstein JF, Rossi NA, McIntire JB, Neve LD, Daram S & Pine HS (2022) "Labial Frenotomy for Symptomatic Isolated Upper Lip Tie" Cureus, 14(12) Pg.e32755.


Gkantidis N, Kolokitha O & Topouzelis N (2008) "Management of maxillary midline diastema with emphasis on etiology" Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 32 Pg.265–272.


Haischer-Rollo GD, Lu K, Drumm C, Fagiana A, Bowe SN, Aden J & Demarcantonio M (2022) "Superior Labial Frenulum Attachment Site and Correlation with Breastfeeding Outcomes" Laryngoscope, 132(12) Pg.2498-2504.


Kean N (2019) “The dramatic rise in tongue tie and lip tie treatment” ENT today https://www.enttoday.org/article/explaining-the-dramatic-rise-in-tongue-and-lip-tie-treatment.


Kotlow LA (2013) "Diagnosing and understanding the maxillary lip-tie (superior labial, the maxillary labial frenum) as it relates to breastfeeding" Journal of Human Lactation 29(4) Pg.458-464.


Kotlow L (2011) “Infant reflux and aerophagia associated with the maxillary lip-tie and ankyloglossia (Tongue tie)” Clinical Lactation 2(4) Pg.25-29.


Manjunath SM, Shetty S, Moon NJ, Sharma B, Metta KK, Gupta N, Goyal S & Singh S (2014) “Arterovenous malformation of the oral cavity” Case Reports in Dentistry 10(2014)353580 (5 pages).


Martinelli RLC, Marchesan IQ, Gusmao RJ & Berretin-Felix G (2021) "Effect of lingual frenotomy on tongue and lip rest position: A non-randomised clinical trial" International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology 26(1) Pg.69-74.


Merritt LS (2019) "The effect of tongue-tie and lip-tie on breastfeeding" Journal for Nurse Practitioners 15(5) Pg.356-360. 

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nurpra.2019.02.021.


Nakhash R, Wasserteil N, Mimourui FB, Kasirer YM, Hammerman C & Bin-Nun A (2019) "Upper lip-tie and breastfeeding-a systematic review" Breastfeeding Medicene vol 14(2) Pg.83-87.


Patel PS, Wu DB, Schwartz Z & Rosenfeld RM (2019) "Upper lip frenotomy for neonatal breastfeeding problems" International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 124 Pg.190-192.  DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2019.06.008.


Ray S, Golden WC, & Walsh J (2019) "Anatomic Distribution of the Morphologic Variation of the Upper Lip

Frenulum Among Healthy Newborns" JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery 145(10) Pg.931–938.


Razdan R, Callaham S, Saggio R, Chafi, M, & Carr MM (2020) "Maxillary Frenulum in Newborns: Association

with Breastfeeding" Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, 162(6) Pg.954–958.

https://doi.org/10.1177/0194599820913605.


Santa Maria C, Aby J, Truong MT, Thakur Y, Rea S & Messner A (2017) “The superior labial frenulum in newborns: What is normal?" Global Pediatric Health 12(4) Pg.1-6


Shah S, Allen P, Walker R, Rosen-Carole C, Mckenna Benait MK (2021) "Upper lip-tie: Anatomy, effect on breastfeeding and correlation with ankyloglossia" The Laryngoscope 131(5) Pg.e1701-e1706.


Towfighi P, Johng SY, Lally MM & Harley EH (2022) "A Retrospective Cohort Study of the Impact of Upper Lip Tie Release on Breastfeeding in Infants" Breastfeeding Medicine 17(5) Pg.446-452.


Walsh J & McKenna Benoit M (2019) "Ankyloglossia and other oral ties" Otolaryngol Clin N America 52 Pg.795-811.


Weissman G, Elbahary S, Dubester-David Y, Weiss N, Zimmerman DR and Kulak D(2021) "Implications of the Maxillary Frenulum on Breastfeeding: A Critical Review"  Journal of Paediatrics Neonatal Medicene 3(4) Pg.150


Woong H & Hee CA (2018) "Upper lip tie wrapping into the hard palate and anterior premaxilla causing alveolar hypoplasia" Archives of Craniofacial Surgery 19(1) Pg.48-50.



PAIN & ANALGESICS


ATP Position Statements "POSITION STATEMENT FOR FRENULOTOMY (SURGICAL RELEASE OF TONGUE-TIE) IN DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS" (www.tongue-tie.org.uk/atp-position-statements)


Auychai P, Nef A & Pitak-Arnnop P (2022) "Tongue-Tie children with a severe Hazelbaker score or difficult breastfeeding greatly benefit from frenotomy or frenuloplasty with/without anaesthesia - First do or do no harm?" J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 123(3) Pg.e76-e81.


Baxter R (2020) "General anaesthesia is not needed for a tongue tie procedure" (blog post) https://tonguetieal.com/general-anesthesia-is-not-needed-for-a-tongue-tie-procedure/


Bowie AC, Werler MM, Velez MP, Li W, Camden A, Guttmann A & Brogly SB (2022) "Prescribed opioid analgesics in early pregnancy and the risk of congenital anomalies: a population-based cohort study" Cmaj 194(5) Pg.e152-e162.


Bellieni CV, Iantorno L, Perrone S, Rodriguez A, Longini M, Capitani S & Buonocore G (2009) “Even routine painful procedures can be harmful for the newborn” Pain Elseiver Publishers 147 Pg.128-131.


Du M, Zhu Y, Wang C & Xu J (2022) "Investigation of Parental Acceptance of General Anesthesia With Mask Induction in Children Undergoing Frenulectomy" Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing 37(3) Pg.339-343.


Harrison D, Beggs S & Stevens B (2012) “Sucrose for procedural pain management in infants” Pediatrics 130(5) Pg.918-925.

 

Harrison D, Yamada J & Stevens B (2010) “Strategies for the prevention and management of neonatal and infant pain” Current Pain and Headaches Report 14(2) Pg.113-123.


Harrison, Denisea; Bueno, Marianae (2023) "Translating evidence: pain treatment in newborns, infants, and toddlers during needle-related procedures" PAIN Reports 8(2): Pg.1-8 DOI: 10.1097/PR9.0000000000001064.


Johnston CC, Fernandes AM & Campbell-Yeo M (2011) “Pain in neonates is different” Pain 152(3suppl) s65-73.


Koukou Z, Theodoridou A, Taoousani E, Antonakou A, Panteris E, Papadopoulou SS, Skordou A, Sifakis S (2022) “Effectiveness of non-pharmacological methods, such as breastfeeding, to mitigate pain in NICU infants” Children 9(10) Pg.1568.


Lennihan B (2017) “Homeopathy for pain management” Alternative and Complimentary therapies 23(5) Pg.176-183.


Maya-Enero S (2022) "Comparison of the analgesic effect of inhaled lavender vs vanilla essential oil for neonatal frenotomy: a randomized clinical trial (NCT04867824)" European journal of pediatrics 181(11) Pg.3923.


Maya-Enero S, Fàbregas-Mitjans M, Llufriu-Marquès RM, Candel-Pau J, Garcia-Garcia J & López-Vílchez M (2022) "Analgesic effect of inhaled lavender essential oil for frenotomy in healthy neonates: a randomized clinical trial" World J Pediatrics 18(6) Pg.398-403.


Mercer NSG (2021) "Division of tongue tie: an assault on a baby" BMJ 5:372:n.11 doi:10.1136/bmj.n11.


Prim Auychai, Andreas Neff, Poramate Pitak-Arnnop (2022) "Tongue-Tie children with a severe Hazelbaker score or difficult breastfeeding greatly benefit from frenotomy or frenuloplasty with/without anaesthesia – First do or do no harm?" Journal of Stomatology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 123(3) Pg.e76-e81     ISSN 2468-7855 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jormas.2021.09.007.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468785521001932).


Stevens B, Yamada J, Ohlsson A, Haliburton S & Shorkey A (2016) "Sucrose for analgesia in newborn infants undergoing painful procedures" Cochrane Database Syst Review 7(7):CD001069. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001069.pub5. PMID: 27420164; PMCID: PMC6457867.


Trottier ED, Doré-Bergeron MJ, Chauvin-Kimoff L, Baerg K & Ali S (2019) "Managing pain and distress in children undergoing brief diagnostic and therapeutic procedures"

Paediatric Child Health 24(8) Pg.509-535. doi: 10.1093/pch/pxz026.


Wilson-Smith EM (2011) “Procedural pain management in neonates, infants and children” Rev Pain 5(3) Pg.4-12.


DENTISTRY & ORAL HEALTH

Bavikatte G, Sit PL, Hassoon A (2012) “Management of drooling of saliva” British Journal of Medical Practitioners 5(1) Pg.507.


Bhargava N, Agarwal P, Sharma N, Agrawal M, Sidiq M & Narrain P (2014) “An unusual presentation of oral mucocele in infant and its review” Case Reports in Dentistry 2014:723130 Aug (26) doi:10.1155/2014/723130.


D’Onofrio L (2019) “Oral dysfunction as a cause of malocclusion” Orthodontic Craniofacial Research (suppl 1)Pg.43-48.

doi: 10.1111/ocr.12277.


Joseph C,  Marty M,  Dridi SM,  Verhaeghe V,  Bailleul-Forestier I,  Chiaverini C, Hubiche T, Mazereeuw-Hautier J,  Deny O,  Declerck D,  Kémoun P (2023) "Oral health status in patients with inherited epidermolysis bullosa: a comparative multicenter study" Quintessence Int 54(1) Pg.34-43.


Kabra S, Thosar NR & Khubchandani M (2022) "Management of Ankyloglossia in a Six-Year-Old Child After Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery: A Case Report" Cureus 14(11) Pg.e31108.


Martinelli RLC, Marchesan IQ, Gusmao RJ & Berretin-Felix G (2021) “Effect of lingual frenotomy on tongue and lip rest position: A non-randomized clinical trial” International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology 5;26(1) Pg.e069-e074.


Melink S, Vagner MV, Hocevrar-Boltezar I and Ovsenik M (2010) "Posterior cross-bite in the decidious dentition period, its relation with sucking habits, irregular orofacial functions and otolaryngological findings" American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics 138(1) Pg.32-41.


Oh JS, Zaghi S, Ghodousi N, Paterson C, Silva D, Lavigne GJ & Yoon AJ (2021) "Determinents of probable sleep bruxism in a pediatric mixed dentition population:a multivariate analysis of mouth vs. nasal breathing, tongue mobility and tonsil size" Sleep Medicene 77 Pg.7-13.


Oliveira AJ, Duarte DA & Diniz MB (2019) "Oral anomalies in Newborns: An observational cross-sectional study" Journal of Dentisty Child 86(2) Pg.75-80.


Pisano M, Sangiovanni G, D'Ambrosio F, Romano A & Di Spirito F (2022) "Oral Care in a Patient with Long Arm Deletion Syndrome of Chromosome 18: A Narrative Review and Case Presentation" AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CASE REPORTS 23.


Polizzi A, Santonocito S, Patini R, Quinzi V, Mummolo S, Leonardi R, Bianchi A & Isola G (2022) "Oral Alterations in Heritable Epidermolysis Bullosa: A Clinical Study and Literature Review" BioMed Research International Pg. 1-8.


Shah NR, McGoldrick DM & Sharp I (2022) "Presentation and surgical management of a patient with a true cleft mandible" J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 12(1) Pg.161-164.


Silva LVdO, Hermont AP, Magnani IQ, Martins CC & Borges-Oliveira AC (2022) "Oral alterations in children with microcephaly associated to congenital Zika syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analyses" Special care in dentistry.


Srinivasan B & Chitharanjan AB (2013) “Skeletal and dental characteristics in subjects with ankyloglossia” Progress in Orthodontics 14(44) Pg.1-7.


Yoon AJ, Zaghi S, Ha S, Law CS, Guilleminault C, Liu SY (2017) "Ankyloglossia as a risk factor for maxillary hypoplasia and soft palate elongation: A functional-morphological study" Orthodontics and Craniofacial Research https://doi.org/10.1111/ocr.12206.


Yoon AJ, Zaghi S, Ha S, Law CS, Guilleminault C, Liu SY (2019) "How tongue mobility changes face and jaw development" Video script: https://doi.org/10/21203/rs.2.15056/v1.


ADDITIONAL ASSOCIATED ISSUES

Batista CLC & Pereira ALP (2022) "Does neonatal ankyloglossia interfere in the growth of infants during the first 6 months of life? A case series nested in a cohort study" Journal of Medical Case Reports 16(1) Pg.1-7.


Baxter R, Merkel-Walsh R,Baxter BS, Lashley A, Rendell NR (2020) "Functional Improvements of Speech, Feeding, and Sleep After Lingual Frenectomy Tongue-Tie Release: A Prospective Cohort Study"  Clinical Paediatrics 59(9-10) Pg.1-8.


Baxter R (2018) "Tongue Tied-How a Tiny String Under the Tongue Impacts Nursing, Speech, Feeding and More 1st Edition" Alabama Tongue-Tie Center, USA.


Brooks L, Landry A, Deshpande A, Marchia C, Cooley A & Raol N (2019) “Posterior tongue-tie base of tongue movement and pharyngeal dysphagia: What is the connection?” Dysphagia 35(1) Pg.129-132.


Burska Z, Burghard M, Brożek-Mądry E, Sierdziński J & Krzeski A (2022) "Oral cavity morphology among children at risk of sleep disordered breathing" Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 23(3) Pg.429-435.


Bussi MT, Corrêa CC, Cassettari AJ, Giacomin LT, Faria AC, Moreira A, Magalhães I, Cunha MOD, Weber SAT, Zancanella E & Machado Júnior AJ (2022) "Is ankyloglossia associated with obstructive sleep apnea?" Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 88 Suppl 1 (Suppl 1) Pg.s156-s162.


Calvo-Henríquez C, Neves SM, Branco AM, Lechien JR, Reinoso FB, Rojas XM, O'Connor-Reina C, González-Guijarro I & Martínez Capoccioni G (2022) "Relationship between short lingual frenulum and malocclusion. A multicentre study" Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp (Engl Ed) 73(3) Pg.177-183.


Camacho M, Noller MW, Zaghi S, Reckley LK, Fernandez-Salvador C, Ho E, Dunn B, Chan D (2017) "Tongue-lip adhesion and tongue repositioning for obstructive sleep apnoea in Pierre Robin sequence: A systematic review and meta-analysis" Journal of Laryngology & Otology 131(5) Pg.378-383.


Camacho M, Noller MW, Zaghi S, Reckley LK, Fernandez-Salvador C, Ho E, Dunn B & Chan D (2017) "Tongue surgeries for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review and meta-analysis" European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology 274 Pg.2981-2990.


Capdevila OS, Kheirandish-Goza L, Dayyat E & Goza D (2008) “Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea. Complications, management and long-term outcomes” Proceedings for the American Thoracic Society 15;5(2) Pg.274-282.


Certal VF, Zaghi S, Riaz M, Vieira AS, Pinheiro CT, Kushida C, Capaso R & Camacho M (2015) "Hypoglossal nerve stimulation in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review and meta-analysis" Te Laryngoscope 125(5) Pg.1254-1264.


Correa EJ, O'Connor-Reina C, Rodriguez-Alcala L, Benjumea F, Casado-Morente JC, Baptista PM, Casale M, Moffa A & Plaza G (2023) "Does Frenotomy Modify Upper Airway Collapse in OSA Adult Patients? Case Report and Systematic Review" JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE 12(1).


Dodrill P & Gosa MM (2015) “Pediatric dysphagia: Physiology, assessment and management” Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism 66 (supplement 5) Pg.24-31.


Evangelisti M, Barreto M, Cecili M & Scopelliti (2018) “Lingual frenulum elevation in school age children with and without sleep disordered breathing” ERS International congress doi:10.11183/13993003.congress-2018.OA3588.

 

Fernando C (1998) "Tongue-tie from confusion to clarity: a guide to the diagnosis and treatment of ankyloglossia (tongue-tie)" Tandem Publications Sydney, Australia.


Fitzpatrick MF, Hclean H, Urton AM, Tan A, O’Donnell D & Driver HS (2003) “Effect of nasal or oral breathing route on upper airway resistance during sleep” European Respiratory Journal 22 Pg.827-832.


Geddes DT, Langton DB, Gollow I, Jacobs LA, Hartmann PE & Simmer K (2008) "Frenulotomy for Breastfeeding Infants With Ankyloglossia: Effect on Milk Removal and Sucking Mechanism as Imaged by Ultrasound" Pediatrics 122(1) Pg.e188-194.


Geddes DT, Kent JC, McClellan HL, Garbin CP, Chadwick LM & Hartmann PE (2010) "Sucking characteristics of successfully breastfeeding infants with ankyloglossia: a case series" Acta Paediatrics 99(2) Pg.301-303.


Geddes DT, Kent JC, Mitoulas LR & Hartmann PE (2008) "Tongue movement and intra-oral vacuum in breastfeeding infants" Early Human Development 84(7) Pg.471-477.


Genther DJ, Skinner ML, Bailey PJ, Capone RB & Bryne PJ (2015) “Airway obstruction after lingual frenulectomy in two infants with Pierre-Robin sequence” International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 79(9) Pg.1592-1594.

 

Goodwyn-Craine A (2017) “Feeding infants with recessed jaw or retrognathia at breast or with bottle” Healthcare Insights https://www.feedingmatters.org/feeding-infants-recessed-jaw-retrognathia-breast-bottle/?fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTEAAR3SS0bBAiC2grqFkYBsRLLE8jpd_ieS-HNbWhTxtLltfd0WDDrg2PvQGY0_aem_Hy9z0QSTuRNG8qcSJXiqAg


Govardhan C, Murdock J, Norouz-Knutsen L, Valcu-Pinkerton S & Zaghi S (2019) "Lingual and maxillary labial frenuloplasty with myofunctional therapy as a treatment for mouth breathing and snoring" Case Report Otolaryngology Vol 2019(1) Pg.3408053


Guilleminault C & Sullivan SS (2014) “Towards restoration of continuous nasal breathing on the ultimate treatment goal on pediatric obstructive sleep apnoea” Enliven: Pediatrics & Neonatal Biology 1(1) Pg.1-5.

 

Guilleminault C, Huseni S & Lo L (2016) “A frequent phenotype for pediatric sleep apnoea: short lingual frenulum” ERJ Open Research 2(3):00043-2016 Pg.


Hamosh M (1996) “Digestion in the newborn” Clinical Perinatology 23(2) Pg.191-209.


Hand P, Olivi G, Lajolo C, Gioco G, Marigo L, Castagnola R, Cordaro M (2020) "Short lingual frenum in infants, children and adolescents. Part 1: Breastfeeding and gastroesophageal reflux disease improvement after tethered oral tissues release" European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 22(1) Pg.309-317.


Hand P, Olivi G, Gioco G, Lajolo C (2003) "Bottle feeding & gastroesophageal reflux disease improvement after restricted tethered oral tissues release" European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry doi:10.23804/ejpd.2023.1817


Hazelbaker Ak (2010) "Tongue-Tie Morphogenesis, impact, assessment and treatment" Aidan and Eva Press Ohio USA.


Heit T, Tablizo BJ, Salud M, Mo F, Kang M, Tablizo MA & Witmans M (2022) "Craniofacial Sleep Medicine: The Important Role of Dental Providers in Detecting and Treating Sleep Disordered Breathing in Children" CHILDREN-BASEL 9(7).


Hill RR & Pados BF (2023) "Gastrointestinal Symptom Improvement for Infants Following Tongue-Tie Correction" Clinical Pediatrics (Phila), 62(2) Pg.136-142.


Huang Y-S, Quo S, Berkowski JA, Guilleminault C (2015) “Short lingual frenulum and obstructive sleep apnoea in children” International Journal of Pediatric Research 1(1) Pg.1-4.


Inostroza-Allende F, Ulloa CC, Jara MG & Palomares-Aguilera M (2022) "Postoperative speech therapy intervention of the lingual frenulum in children, adolescents and adults. Integrative literature review" REVISTA DE INVESTIGACION EN LOGOPEDIA 12(1).


Keffer S (2023) “Does tongue-tie affect speech?” https://toddlertalk.com/blog/tongue-tie-and-speech-development?format=amp


Macdonald D (2016) “Tongue-tie in adults” Paragon Health Industries https://www.paragonhealth.net.au/blog/tongue-tie-in-adults .


Matsuo K & Palmer JB (2008) “Anatomy and physiology of feeding and swallowing – Normal and abnormal” Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Clinics of North America 19(4) Pg.691-707.


Oakley S (2021) “Mouth breathing and tongue-tie” Sarah Oakley Lactation www.sarahoakleylactation.co.uk/mouth-breathing-and-tongue-tie/.


Praborini A, Setiani A, Maviandar A, & Wulandrai RA (2018) “A holistic supplementation regimen for tongue-tied babies with slow weight gain and failure to thrive” Clinical Lactation 9(2) Pg.78 doi:10.1891/2158-0782.9.2.78.


Sheldon SH, Ferber R, Krygey MH & Gozal D (2014) “Principles and Practice of pediatric sleep medicine 2nd edition” Elseiver Publications USA Pg.222.


Summersgill I, Nguyen G, Grey C, Norouz-Knutsen L, Merkel-Walsh R, Katzenmeir C, Rafii B & Zaghi S (2023) "Muscle tension dysphonia in singers and professional speakers with ankyloglosia: Impact of treatment with lingual frenuloplasty and orofacial myofunctional therapy" International Journal of Orofacial Myology and Myofunctional Therapy 49(1) Pg.1-8.


Tripodi G, Cacciagrano G, Ercole DS,  Piccarri F, Maiolo A & Tieri M (2021) "Short lingual frenulum: From Diagnosis to Laser and Speech Language Therapy" European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 22(1) Pg.71-74.


Walls A, Pierce M, Wang H, Steehler A, Steehler M, Earl H Harley Jr (2013) "Parental perception of speech and tongue mobility in 3 yr olds after neonatal frenotomy" International Journal of Paediatric Otorhinolaryngology http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijporl.2013.11.006.


Webb AN, Hao W & Hong P (2013) "The effect of tongue-tie division on breastfeeding and speech articulation: A systemic review International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 77(5) Pg.635-646.


Yoon AJ, Zaghi S, Ha S, Law CS, Guillerminault CA, Liu SY (2017) “Ankyloglossia as a risk factor for maxillary hypoplasia & soft palate elongation: A functional-morphological study” Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research 20(4) Pg.237-244.


Yuen HM, Au CT, Chu WCW, Li AM & Chan KCC (2022) "Reduced tongue mobility: an unrecognized risk factor of childhood obstructive sleep apnea" SLEEP 45(1) Pg.


Zhao H, He X & Wang J (2022) "Efficacy of Infants Release of Ankyloglossia on Speech Articulation: A Randomized Trial" Ear Nose Throat Journal Pg.1455613221087946.


COMPLICATIONS


ATP annual 'Complications audits' can be sourced on our ATP Audit page.


Association of Tongue tie Practitioners (ATP) (2024) “Guideline for the management of bleeding post frenulotomy” Revised edition Association of Tongue Tie Practitioners UK www.tongue-tie.org.uk/bleeding-guidelines.


Diercks G, Hersh CJ, Baars R, Sally S, Caloway C & Hartnick CJ (2020) "Factors associated with frenotomy after a multidisciplinary assessment of infants with breastfeeding difficulties" International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 138:110212.


Dodrill P & Gosa MM (2015) “Paediatric dysphagia: Physiology, assessment and management” Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism 66 (supplement 5) Pg.24-31.


Genther DJ, Skinner ML, Bailey PJ, Capone RB, Bryne PJ (2015) "Airway obstruction after lingual frenulectomy in 2 infants with Pierre Robin Sequence" International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 79(9) Pg.1592-1594.


Guo S & DiPietro LA (2010) “Factors affecting wound healing” Journal of Dental Research 89(3) Pg.219-229.


Hale M, Mills N, Edmonds L, Dawes P, Dickson N, Barker D & Wheeler BJ (2020) "Complications following frenotomy for ankyloglossia a 24 month prospective New Zealand Pediatric surveillance unit study" Journal of Pediatrics and Child Health 56(4) Pg.557-562.


Jaeger M, Harats M, Kornhaber R, Aviv U, Zerach A & Haik J (2016) “Treatment of hypergranulation tissue in burn wounds with topical steroid dressings: a case series” Journal of International Case Reports 9 Pg.241-245.


Mitchell A & Llumigusin D (2021) “The assessment and management of hypergranulation” British Journal of Nursing 30(5) Pg.s6-10.


NHS (2023) “Oxford Community Hypergranulation Pathway (Version 3)"  Oxford National Health Service Trust.


Oakley S (2023) “Does this look like it has been cut deep enough?” Sarah Oakley Lactation https://sarahoakleylactation.co.uk/does-this-look-like-it-has-been-cut-deep-enough/#:~:text=According%20to%20Nikki%20Mills%2C%20deep,of%20the%20tongue%2Dtie).


O'Connor M (2022) "Complications and misdiagnoses associated with infant frenotomy: results of a healthcare professional survey" International Breastfeeding Journal 17 Pg.39.


Reinholdt KB & Klug TE (2019) "Submandibular abcess following frenulectomy in a 12 days old infant" Journal of Pediatric Surgery Case Reports 51 doi.org/10.1016/j.epsc.2019.101323.


Solis-Pazmino P, Kim GS,  Lincango-Nararyo E, Prokop L, Ponce O, Truang M (2020) "Major complications after tongue-tie release: A case report and systematic review" International Journal of Paediatric otorhinolaryngology doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2020.110356.


Tracey LF, Gomez G, Overton LJ, McClain W (2017) "Hypovolemic shock after labial and lingual frenulectomy: A report of 2 cases" International Journal of Paediatric Otorhinolaryngology 100 Pg.223-234.


Van Biervliet S, Van Winckel M, Vande Velde S, De Bruyne R & D'Hondt M (2020) "Primim non necere: lingual frenotomy for breastfeeding problems, not as innocent as generally accepted" European Journal of Pediatrics 179 Pg.1191-1195.


Varadan M, Chopra A, Sanghavi AD, Sivaraman K & Gupta K (2019) "Etiology and clinical recommendations to manage the complications following lingual frenectomy. A critical review" Journal of Stomatology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 120(6) Pg.549-553.


Wong T, Yap T & Wiesenfield D (2020) “Common causes of ‘swelling’ in the oral cavity” Australian Journal of General Practice 49(9) Pg.575-580.


INTERNATIONAL CODE OF MARKETING OF BREAST-MILK SUBSTITUTES

Baby Feeding Law Group UK (2004) "Clarifying misconceptions about the UK law on the marketing of infant formula: BFLG UK briefing document" Baby Feeding Law Group-UK 

  • https://www.bflg-uk.org/our-work#reports


Baby Feeding Law Group UK(2022) "Infant milks marketed as foods for special medical purposes (FSMP): The case for regulatory reform to protect infant health" Baby Feeding Law Group-UK Pg.1-36.

  • https://www.bflg-uk.org/our-work#guidance


Baby Friendly Initiative (2019) "Working within the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes: A guide for health workers" BFI UNICEF UK Pg1-32.

  • https://www.unicef.org.uk/babyfriendly/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/02/Health-Professionals-Guide-to-the-Code.pdf


Crawley H, Westlands S & Sibson V (2022) “ The bacterial contamination of powdered infant formula: what are the risks and do we need to review current instructions on safe preparation?” First Steps Nutrition Trust London Pg.37-40.


First Steps Nutrition Trust

  • First Steps Nutrition Trust-Home page: https://infantmilkinfo.org/
  • Infant Formula 'types' explained: https://infantmilkinfo.org/type-of-infant-milk/
  • Regulations for infant formula in the UK: 

       https://infantmilkinfo.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Regulations_infant_formula_June_2024.pdf

  • First Steps Nutrition Trust Statements:

       https://www.firststepsnutrition.org/statements

  • Making formula milks up safely:

       https://www.firststepsnutrition.org/making-infant-milk-safely

  • First Steps Nutrition-Guide to bottle feeding:

https://static1.squarespace.com/static/59f75004f09ca48694070f3b/t/6363d750f8863f47ff05679e/1667487571439/Bottle-feeding-leaflet.pdf


iHV (2024) "Baby feeding law group UK: Misconceptions about the UK law on the marketing of infant formunla" Institute of Heath Visiting-Excellence in Practice

  • https://ihv.org.uk/news-and-views/news/baby-feeding-law-group-uk-misconceptions-about-the-uk-law-on-the-marketing-of-infant-formula/


Swansea University (2023) "Study raises concerns over powdered infant formula preparation machines"

  • https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.111/mcn.13567


UNICEF UK (2015) Working within the Code-VIDEO with Dr Helen Crawley:

  • https://www.unicef.org.uk/babyfriendly/baby-friendly-resources/international-code-marketing-breastmilk-substitutes-resources/helen-crawley-working-within-the-code-video/


WBTi UK World Breastfeeding Trends Initiative (WBTi) (2016) “Breastfeeding trends (UK) Working together to improve breastfeeding in the UK-WBTi UK Report 2016” WBTi  https://ukbreastfeeding.org/wbtiuk2016/. 


WHO (1981) "International Code of Marketing Breast-Milk Substitutes" World Health Organisation

  • https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/40382/9241541601.pdf?sequence=1
  • https://www.unicef.org.uk/babyfriendly/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/02/Health-Professionals-Guide-to-the-Code.pdf


WHO-World Health Organisation (2017) "The International Code of marketing of breast-milk substitutes: Frequently asked questions" World Health Organisation Pg.1-24.

  • https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/254911/WHO-NMH-NHD-17.1-eng.pdf

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